Panos Karabelas

Built around one principle: the GPU owns the data. Every resource — geometry, materials, textures, lights, transforms, bounding volumes — lives in persistent, globally accessible buffers. No per-draw descriptor updates. No CPU-side draw loops.

• ReSTIR path tracing

  Spatiotemporal reservoir resampling for real-time multi-bounce global illumination. No bake step, no light probes.

• Zero-binding draw path

  All per-draw data sits in a single bindless storage buffer. Push constants carry an index and nothing else.

• Hardware ray tracing

  Ray-queried reflections and shadows sharing one vertex-pulling path with the rasteriser.

• 200 Hz vehicle dynamics

  Pacejka MF 5.2 tyres with thermal, pressure and wear models, inside the PhysX fixed-timestep loop.

• Vulkan and DirectX 12

  One universal HLSL codebase compiled to both SPIR-V and DXIL, from the same shaders.

• Oceans, clouds and fog

  Tessendorf FFT ocean in compute, Nubis-style volumetric clouds, froxel volumetric fog with temporal reprojection.

• Mar 2026

  Spacetime is the headset. Consciousness is what's there when you take it off.

  20 min read
• Feb 2026

  What building a game engine for a decade and the SR-71 Blackbird have in common

  15 min read
• Mar 2024

  HDR in under 10 minutes

  4 min read
• Jul 2020

  Screen space shadows

  6 min read